Chinese gender inequality has a history of two thousand years. Until 2014, 58.7 percent of women in China aged 25 and older had completed secondary education, while the counterpart statistic for men was 71.9 percent. Women's labor power participation rate in China was 63.9 percent compared to 78.3 percent for men. The paper tries to investigate the role “Three Obediences and Four Virtues” played on gender inequality in ancient China and how it continues to influence modern Chinese gender inequality.